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Posts Tagged ‘Data Leackage’

It’s A Cruel Summer

July 31, 2011 5 comments

The Cruel Summer the title of this post refers to, is not the famous ’83 pop hit by Bananarama, but just a brief summary of what is happening on Information Security, most of all for those companies and istitutions falling among the target of Anonymous.

Yesterday the latest: as part of the #Antisec operation and in retaliation for the raids and the arrest again alleged Anonymous and LulzSec members (provided they are the right ones), Anonymous attacked 77 U.S. Law Enforcement Institutions, defacing and destroying their servers.

In the attack, as usual announced by Twitter, massive amounts of confidential and personal information were stolen (10 Gb according to Anonymous), including emails, passwords, classified documents, internal files, informant lists, and more.

Moreover 7,000 law enforcement officials’ private data were posted, including: social security numbers; email accounts and passwords; phone numbers and home addresses.

Here is the list of the compromised domains:

20jdpa.com, adamscosheriff.org, admin.mostwantedwebsites.net,
alabamasheriffs.com, arkansassheriffsassociation.com,
bakercountysheriffoffice.org, barrycountysheriff.com, baxtercountysheriff.com,
baxtercountysherifffoundation.org, boonecountyar.com, boonesheriff.com,
cameronso.org, capecountysheriff.org, cherokeecountyalsheriff.com,
cityofgassville.org, cityofwynne.com, cleburnecountysheriff.com,
coahomacountysheriff.com, crosscountyar.org, crosscountysheriff.org,
drewcountysheriff.com, faoret.com, floydcountysheriff.org, fultoncountyso.org,
georgecountymssheriff.com, grantcountyar.com, grantcountysheriff-collector.com,
hodgemansheriff.us, hotspringcountysheriff.com, howardcountysheriffar.com,
izardcountyar.org, izardcountysheriff.org, izardhometownhealth.com,
jacksonsheriff.org, jeffersoncountykssheriff.com, jeffersoncountyms.gov,
jocomosheriff.org, johnsoncosheriff.com, jonesso.com, kansassheriffs.org,
kempercountysheriff.com, knoxcountysheriffil.com, lawrencecosheriff.com,
lcsdmo.com, marioncountysheriffar.com, marionsoal.com, mcminncountysheriff.com,
meriwethercountysheriff.org, monroecountysheriffar.com, mosheriffs.com,
mostwantedgovernmentwebsites.com, mostwantedwebsites.net,
newtoncountysheriff.org, perrycountysheriffar.org, plymouthcountysheriff.com,
poalac.org, polkcountymosheriff.org, prairiecountysheriff.org,
prattcountysheriff.com, prentisscountymssheriff.com, randolphcountysheriff.org,
rcpi-ca.org, scsosheriff.org, sebastiancountysheriff.com, sgcso.com,
sharpcountysheriff.com, sheriffcomanche.com, stfranciscountyar.org,
stfranciscountysheriff.org, stonecountymosheriff.com, stonecountysheriff.com,
talladegasheriff.org, tatecountysheriff.com, tishomingocountysheriff.com,
tunicamssheriff.com, vbcso.com, woodsonsheriff.com

It has been an hard Week-End, started with the hack of ManTech, and just ended (maybe) with this further resounding action…

Luckily this dirty July is nearly over… from the meteorological point of view, this summer is not very hot, at least in Italy, the same can not be said for Information Security for which I do not remember a month so troubled. Will it end here, or will the peak (of meterological and information security temperatures) be reached in August?

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The Hand of The Lulz Boat For the CNAIPIC Hack?

July 25, 2011 4 comments

After the initial surprise more details are being divulged about the CNAIPIC Hack disclosed this morning. CNAIPIC stands for Centro Nazionale Anticrimine Informatico per la Protezione delle Infrastrutture Critiche) and in practice corresponds to Italian Cyber Police.  The event was so resounding to deserve ample space on foreign press as well, starting from BBC, which shows that it has not a mere technical meaning.

Several quick considerations:

  • As already stated, CNAIPIC played a primary role during the Campaign of July in which 15 alleged Anonymous members were arrested in 32 raids carried on in Italy and Switzerland. At first glance, this hack seems a clamorous retaliation… But this is too much simple and in my opinion there’s more… During the above mentioned raids, the Italian Police (a statement not reported by local press) reported that: Out of all of the current hacker groups, Anonymous is the largest, but is also populated by the least technical people. Some of its members carry out attacks using software downloaded from the Internet and do not carry out the most basic attempts to secure their IP address. A clear reference to the fact that, until then, the activities of the Anonymous/LulzSec  cells in Italy were mainly focused on disruptive DDoS against several sites related to Government, Finance, Telcos and utilities probably made with LOIC without precautions. This attack has shown a much greater level of complexity and this can be easily intended as a kind of “revenge inside the revenge”: Anonymous is not (only) LOIC made DDoS.
  • BBC reported that the Anonymous hacker group received the files from a “source”, implicitly suggesting an internal origin for the leak (also suggested by Gizmodo). Honestly speaking I do not agree with this interpretation. As a matter of fact the first tweet announcing the leak on the @AnonymousIRC account was a mere forward from an original tweet by @anonesc (who admitted not to have further details since only forwarded the info). Guess who gave the first tweet? Yes, it was Sabu (thanks to Punto 1 for reporting the info), an old acquaintance, the alleged leader of the LulzSec Group. I have already indicated that this hack resembled the one perpetrated against HBGary Federal which was already performed by Sabu, which could be involved in this hack as well the fact that he was the first to report the CNAIPIC leak cannot be considered a coincidence. Moreover, so far no details concerning the leak were given, not even from the Italian Anonymous and LulzSec.
  • The statement was first written in English, of course with the purpose to reach a wider audience. Gizmodo suggests that “the broken English indicates a foreign agent—maybe Italian—and might hint at the possibility of this being an inside job” (considered the average level of English knowledge in Italy the fact that the first statement was written in English should exclude an internal origin but this is a personal consideration :-) ). Anyway, the first statement lacks the irony (and the grammar) of the Lulz pastebins (but it looks like the Lulz Boat had a dedicated member, Topiary, for “public relations”). Curiously, the same statement in Italian was released several hours later and, honestly speaking, is a broken Italian, suggesting a quick translation from the original statement, perhaps with Google Translator or a similar tool, without further deep revisions. In any case, to me, it sounds more likely that the hack was performed with a foreign hand: if I were in an Italian attacker’s shoes I would have reserved more attention to my own language.

In any case, internal or external origin, the action is destined to raise many controversies in Italy, making even more bloody the fight against Anonymous.

Is Your Credit Card Stolen?

Are you an hardcore Playstation gamer hit by the infamous PSN Breach? (the infamous PSN Breach not the (In)famous PS3 hit… Or rather are you a Citi Card Holder afraid that your card, not yet replaced, has been compromised?

You can sleep peaceful sleep since you may check right now, for free, if your credit card has been compromised. Simply surf to:

http://www.ismycreditcardstolen.com/
 

Insert your Credit Card and check. All for free!

Done? Ok!, now click on the “About” link on the page to discover that this is a mere provocation done by some coders to educate users about the dangers of phishing which will revamp after the numerous breaches of sensitive data which are characterizing this 2011.

In any case better to be careful when playing with CC numbers, most of all from mobile devices… If you still have any concerns about the leakages by Lulzec and Anonymous, you can always check if your email addresses and passwords are safe

Thanks to my colleague Massimo Biagiotti for reporting the CC link!

Violati i Server RSA

Stamattina mi sono svegliato con una di quelle notizie la cui eco rimbomberà per un bel pezzo nell’arena Infosec. Il blog di Sophos riporta difatti che la nota azienda di sicurezza RSA, specializzata in sistemi di autenticazione forte (in pratica da lei inventati) è stata vittima di un attacco informatico che ha portato alla sottrazione di alcune importanti informazioni.

La notizia è stata comunicata da RSA stessa mediante uno stringato comunicato sul proprio sito. Sebbene l’Azienda sia riuscita a rilevare l’attacco e abbia da subito rafforzato le misure di sicurezza, purtroppo non ha potuto impedire la sottrazione di preziose informazioni dai propri server tra cui alcune relative al sistema di autenticazione forte OTP a due fattori, RSA Secure-ID, che da anni costituisce la soluzione ammiraglia della Casa (che di fatto ha inventato l’omonimo algoritmo di crittografia asimmetrica). Chi di noi non ha mai utilizzato almeno una volta il piccolo quadrante con i numerini magici che cambiano ogni 10 secondi?

I dettagli dell’attacco non sono noti: RSA ha dichiarato di essere stata vittima di un extremely sophisticated cyber attack, ma sembra che alla base ci sia comunque un Advanced Persistent Threat, un attacco quindi estremamente sofisticato, portato su molti livelli e, probabilmente, avente l’utente come punto di ingresso (a questo link una ottima definizione della tipologia di attacco).

Come accennato in precedenza, il lato peggiore della vicenda risiede nel fatto che sembra siano state rubate anche alcune informazioni relative alla soluzione di autenticazione a due fattori. Allo stato attuale non ci sono notizie di possibili attacchi ai danni dei clienti (RSA produce la maggioranza dei token OTP presenti sul mercato utilizzati per gli usi più variegati: dalle transazioni bancarie all’accesso remoto di operatori), tuttavia:

this information could potentially be used to reduce the effectiveness of a current two-factor authentication implementation as part of a broader attack.

Ovvero i dati sottratti potrebbero essere utilizzati per mitigare l’efficacia dell’attuale sistema di autenticazione a due fattori all’interno di un attacco di più ampio respiro.

RSA fornirà presto ai propri clienti alcune raccomandazioni per rendere più sicura la propria infrastruttura di autenticazione a due fattori, nel frattempo, in collaborazione con la U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ha pubblicato le seguenti raccomandazioni:

  • Aumentare il livello di sicurezza relativamente alle applicazioni di social media e all’utilizzo delle stesse (e di eventuali altri siti web) a chiunque abbia accesso a porzioni di reti critiche;
  • Utilizzare password complesse, corredate da PIN;
  • Utilizzare la regola del least privilege nell’assegnare ruoli e responsabilità agli amministratori di sicurezza (qualsiasi amministratore deve accedere al livello minimo di informazione indispensabile per effettuare la propria attività);
  • Educare gli utenti all’importanza di evitare mail sospette e ricordare loro di non fornire nomi utente o altre credenziali a nessuno senza averne prima verificato identità e autorità. Non fornire mai credenziali in seguito a richieste effettuate tramite mail o telefono e denunciare subito questi comportamenti;
  • Porre attenzione alla protezione dei repository Active Directory, utilizzando tecnologie SIEM (Security Information & Event Management) e autenticazione a due fattori per l’accesso agli stessi repository;
  • Monitorare attentamente i cambiamenti dei privilegi utente e relativi diritti di accesso utilizzando tecnologie di monitoraggio (ad esempio il già citato SIEM) e considerando l’aggiunta di livelli di approvazione manuale per questi cambiamenti;
  • Effettuare l’hardening, il monitoraggio attivo, e contestualmente limitare l’accesso fisico alle infrastrutture che ospitano informazioni critiche;
  • Esaminare le procedure dell’help desk alla ricerca di eventuali brecce di informazioni che possano implicitamente aiutare un attaccante ad effettuare un attacco di tipo social engineering;
  • Aggiornare sempre tutta l’infrastruttura di sicurezza ed i sistemi operativi con le ultime patch di sicurezza.

Ancora una volta nel corso del 2011 l’equazione APT=furto di informazioni si rivela tristemente vincente ed efficace. Non sono ancora trapelati dettagli sull’attacco ma, dall’analisi delle raccomandazioni fornite, si delineano alcuni tratti comuni: la “compromissione” dell’utente come punto di ingresso per la compromissione dell’infrastruttura. D’altronde se si analizzano le raccomandazioni fornite e le si confrontano con la morfologia dell’attacco Night Dragon, non trovate che siano perfettamente coincidenti con le vulnerabilità umane e tecnologiche sfruttate in quel contesto?

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